决策者丨香港作为全球金融中心的未来愿景
Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Paul Chan is financial secretary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) government of People's Republic of China. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.
编者按：《决策者》是全球决策制定者分享对国际大事见解的平台。陈茂波是香港特别行政区政府财政司司长。本文仅为作者个人观点，不代表CGTN立场。
香港崛起成为全球金融中心是我们这座城市的伟大成功故事之一。而这不过是万里长征第一步。在庆祝香港回归祖国25周年之际，我看到了许多未来的机遇：与内地更紧密的金融互联互通，绿色和可持续金融的发展，以及粤港澳大湾区的巨大发展潜力，以上是香港与其他国际金融中心相比享有重要竞争优势的若干领域。
In March 2022, the Global Financial Centers Index again ranked Hong Kong the top financial center in Asia and third in the world. The latest World Investment Report 2021, published by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, ranked Hong Kong the world's third largest recipient of foreign direct investment in 2020, trailing only the United States and the mainland.
在2022年3月发布的全球金融中心指数中，香港被再度评为亚洲第一、全球第三的金融中心。联合国贸易和发展会议最新发布的《2021年世界投资报告》将香港列为2020年世界第三大外来直接投资目的地，仅次于美国和中国内地。
Despite the continuing pandemic and geopolitical tensions that have been disrupting the global economy, Hong Kong managed to achieve strong economic growth of 6.3 percent in 2021. Even in the face of the adverse impact of the fifth wave of COVID-19, we expect full-year GDP growth of between 1 and 2 percent in 2022.
尽管新冠肺炎疫情和地缘政治的紧张局势持续影响全球经济，但香港经济在2021年仍实现了6.3%的强劲增长。即使面对第五波疫情的不利影响，我们预计2022年香港全年的GDP增长将保持在1%至2%之间。
What makes Hong Kong unique and how are we responding to external stresses? And why does the future look promising for Hong Kong?
是什么让香港与众不同？我们如何应对外部压力？为什么香港的未来充满希望？
Hong Kong's uniqueness stems from the "One Country, Two Systems" policy, the cornerstone of our economy and society. Together with the rule of law and our formidable institutional strengths, they are the defining advantages that have long propelled Hong Kong's success as an international center for finance, commerce and trade.
香港的独特之处在于“一国两制”方针，它是香港经济社会的基石。除此之外，香港还有健全的法治和强大的体制优势，这些都是长期以来推动香港成功成为国际金融、商业和贸易中心的决定性优势。
Looking ahead, the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 strategically affirm the role and positioning of Hong Kong in the overall development of our country, presenting opportunities in various areas of importance.
展望未来，国家“十四五”规划（2021-2025）和2035年远景目标纲要从战略上肯定了香港在国家发展大局中的角色和定位，在各个重要领域为我们带来了机遇。
That plan expressly supports Hong Kong in consolidating and enhancing our status as an international financial, transport and trade center, as well as a center for international legal and dispute-resolution services in the Asia-Pacific region.
“十四五”规划明确支持香港提升国际金融、航运、贸易中心地位，建设亚太区国际法律及解决争议服务中心。
It also champions Hong Kong's development in four emerging areas: as an international aviation hub, an innovation and technology hub, as a regional intellectual property-trading center, and as a hub for international cultural exchange between our country and the rest of the world.
它还鼓励香港在四个新兴领域的发展：提升国际航空枢纽地位、建设国际创新科技中心、建设区域知识产权贸易中心，以及发展中外文化艺术交流中心。
In achieving these goals, Hong Kong will deploy its unique role as a bridge between the mainland and the rest of the world, while helping mainland companies explore opportunity in international markets.
为实现这些目标，香港将发挥其作为内地与世界其他地区之间独特的桥梁纽带作用，同时帮助内地公司在国际市场上寻找机会。
Our advantage here is unrivalled. Hong Kong is as national as it is international. Let me use the financial sector as an example of how we thrive as one of the world's major hub cities, as well as our country's international financial center.
香港具有得天独厚的优势和融通中外的特点。我将以金融业为例，介绍香港作为世界主要枢纽城市和中国的国际金融中心取得蓬勃发展的方式。
Hong Kong continues to be one of the leading listing centers in the world. Last year, funds raised through initial public offerings (IPOs) reached over $40 billion. Indeed, we have topped the world seven times in the past 13 years in terms of IPO funding.
香港一直是全球领先的上市中心之一。去年，通过首次公开募股筹集的资金达到400多亿美元。事实上，在过去13年里，香港的IPO融资额已经七次位居全球之首。
We are continuously on the lookout for ways to enhance the competitiveness of our listing platform. A major move a few years back was to allow emerging and innovative enterprises with weighted voting rights structure as well as pre-revenue or pre-profit biotechnology companies to list in Hong Kong and facilitate qualifying issuers to seek secondary listing in Hong Kong.
我们一直在寻找方法来提高香港作为理想上市地点的竞争力。几年前，香港推出一项重要举措，允许具有“同股不同权”架构的新兴科创企业，以及尚未有收入或尚未盈利的生物技术公司在香港上市，并推动符合条件的发行企业在香港二次上市。
At the end of April 2022, 74 such companies had listed in Hong Kong taking advantage of this change, raising more than $580 billion. That represents over 44 percent of the total IPO funds raised during the same period. In fact, Hong Kong is also now the world's second largest fundraising hub for biotechnology.
截至2022年4月底，已有74家此类公司利用上述新规则在香港上市，募集资金超过5800亿美元。这占同期IPO募资总额的44%以上。事实上，香港现在也是全球第二大的生物科技筹资中心。
In January 2022, we launched a listing regime for special purpose acquisition companies, providing a new alternative listing route in Hong Kong for emerging enterprises with potential.
2022年1月，我们推出了特殊目的收购公司上市制度，为具有潜力的新兴企业提供了又一种上市途径。
We have also made preparations, including various incentives, for "home-coming" China Concept Stock companies to return "home," in light of increased risks and uncertainties of listing in overseas markets. As of May this year, 22 such companies have returned to Hong Kong, the total market capitalization of which accounts for over 70 percent of all China Concept Stocks listed in the United States.
鉴于在海外市场上市的风险和不确定性增加，我们也为中概股回归做好了准备，出台了各种鼓励措施。截至今年5月，已有22家中概股公司回港上市，其总市值占所有在美上市中概股的70%以上。
Our asset- and wealth-management sector has also prospered in recent years. At the end of 2020, Hong Kong had $4.5 trillion in assets under management, up 21 percent year on year. Nearly two-thirds of those assets came from non-local investors. Our vision is clear: Boosting Hong Kong's status as an international asset- and wealth-management center. We have been working to realize this in three ways: Modernization of our fund structure regime, tax concessions, and the establishment of the fund re-domiciliation regime last year to attract foreign funds to Hong Kong.
近年来，香港的资产和财富管理行业也在蓬勃发展。截至2020年底，香港的在管资产总额达4.5万亿美元，同比增长21%。这些资产中近三分之二来自于非本地投资者。我们的愿景很明确：提升香港作为国际资产和财富管理中心的地位。我们一直努力从三个方面实现这一目标：建立开放型公司及有限合伙制度等新基金结构，为在香港营运的私募基金所分发的附带权益提供税务宽免，以及去年引入基金迁册制度吸引外地基金在港落户。
A recent key milestone in the development of our asset- and wealth-management sector was the launching of the Cross-Boundary Wealth Management Connect Scheme in the GBA last October. It opens up a huge market for Hong Kong's financial services providers, giving us direct access to the growing number of high-net-worth individuals in the GBA, one of the most affluent economic regions of the mainland.
在香港资产和财富管理行业的发展过程中，一座重要里程碑是去年10月在大湾区推出的跨境财富管理连接试点计划。它为香港的金融服务供应商开辟了一个巨大的市场，使我们能够直接接触到大湾区越来越多的高净值个人，而大湾区是内地最富裕的经济区域之一。
Opportunities also flow from mutual market access between the mainland and Hong Kong. Over the years, various "Connect" schemes have come into operation, including Stock Connect, Bond Connect and the mutual recognition of funds. On the equities side, we launched the Hong Kong-Mainland Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) Cross-Listing Scheme in May 2022. The ETF Connect is another milestone in the integration of the capital markets of the mainland and Hong Kong.
内地和香港之间相互的市场准入也带来了机会。近年来，沪港通、债券通、基金互认等多种互联互通机制相继落地。在权益市场方面，我们于2022年5月推出香港与内地交易型开放式基金（ETF）交叉上市计划。“ETF通”是内地与香港资本市场融合的又一里程碑。
Meanwhile, Hong Kong continues to bolster its status as the largest global offshore renminbi (RMB) business hub. Hong Kong counts the largest pool of RMB liquidity in the world outside the mainland, amounting to over 800 billion RMB ($119.5 billion). As the most important offshore RMB clearing hub, Hong Kong's banks handle about 75 percent of global offshore RMB payments.
与此同时，香港在持续巩固其作为全球最大离岸人民币业务中心的地位。香港拥有除内地以外全球最大的人民币资金池，总额超过8000亿元（1195亿美元）。作为最重要的离岸人民币清算中心，香港的银行受理了约75%的全球离岸人民币支付业务。
China's economy will continue to expand and develop under the Belt and Road Initiative and the new development strategy of "dual circulation," which emphasizes the domestic and external markets reinforcing each other. As such, the demand for offshore using, holding and investing of RMB by mainland or foreign enterprises, financial or other institutions is expected to substantially increase.
在“一带一路”倡议和“双循环”的新发展战略下，中国经济将不断发展壮大，实现国内和国际市场相互促进。因此，内地或外国企业、金融机构以及其他机构对人民币的离岸使用、持有和投资需求预计将大幅增加。
As the world's largest offshore RMB business hub, Hong Kong is more than a reservoir for providing offshore RMB funds, it has the capacity and capability to develop a vibrant "offshore ecosystem" for the RMB, contributing to the prudent and gradual internationalization of the RMB.
作为全球最大的离岸人民币业务中心，香港不仅仅是提供离岸人民币资金的蓄水池，而且还有能力和实力打造一个充满活力的人民币“离岸生态系统”，为人民币审慎、渐进的国际化进程作出贡献。
Environmental, social and governance is another fast-emerging trend reshaping the global economy and the financial sector. By leveraging our advantages as an international financial center, Hong Kong can facilitate the matching of international capital with quality green projects, contributing proactively to our country's pursuit of its "3060 carbon emission targets" as well as our own carbon neutrality target by 2050.
环境、社会和治理是重塑全球经济和金融行业的另一个快速兴起的趋势。香港凭借其作为国际金融中心的优势，可促进国际资本与优质绿色项目的对接，为中国实现“双碳目标”和香港实现2050年碳中和目标作出积极贡献。
Since 2018, the HKSAR government has successfully issued a total of more than $7 billion equivalent of green bonds targeting global institutional investors. These bonds are denominated in U.S. dollars, euro and RMB. At the time of their issuance, the 30-year U.S. dollar-denominated bonds and the 20-year euro-denominated bonds were the longest in tenure ever issued by an Asian government. We also issued our first-ever retail green bonds with an issue size of HK$20 billion (about $2.55 billion), which was then the largest retail green bond ever issued globally.
自2018年以来，香港特区政府已面向全球机构投资者成功发行了总额超过70亿美元等值的政府绿色债券。这些债券以美元、欧元和人民币计价。在发行时，30年期美元债券和20年期欧元债券是亚洲政府有史以来发行期限最长的债券。我们还发行了首只零售绿色债券，发行规模为200亿港元（约25.5亿美元），是当时全球发行规模最大的零售绿色债券。
The successful issuance of RMB green bonds in Hong Kong by the Shenzhen municipal government last October also tells a good story of how mainland cities could make use of our platform for raising funds. This would further strengthen Hong Kong's functions as an offshore RMB hub and a center for green and sustainable finance.
去年10月，深圳市政府在香港成功发行人民币绿色债券，这也说明了内地城市可以利用我们的平台来筹集资金。这将进一步加强香港作为离岸人民币中心和绿色可持续金融中心的功能。
Economies in Asia, particularly the mainland economy, will continue to be the engine of global economic growth. Hong Kong will continue to play our unique role as the international financial center of the country and actively integrate into its overall development strategy. By serving the needs of the country with our competitive strengths and building on the staunch support of the country, Hong Kong's financial industry will undoubtedly scale new heights in the years to come.
亚洲各经济体的发展，尤其是中国内地的经济发展，将继续成为全球经济增长的引擎。香港将继续发挥其国际金融中心的独特作用，积极融入国家发展大局。我们将以自身的竞争优势服务于国家需要，在国家的大力支持下，香港金融业在未来几年必将更上一层楼。